Mangroves play a very protective role against some of these coastal hazards. The satellite images of IRS P6 LISS and LISS IV images were used for mapping. by Ministry of Environment and Forest for the conservation of coastal zones like mangroves. The formation of these marshlands can be traced to coastal alluvial deposits, which are of recent formation. transformation(HOT) as a measure of haze/cloud spatial density for Various studies confirm the destruction of mangrove throughout the globe and in particular have focused on estimating the total area cleared, rate of clearing, loss of sediments and erosion (Hatcher et al. However, they are fast disappearing owing to rampant construction and lack of governmental will for their protection. The There was a loss of 44.28, (-58.98%) in sparse mangroves and interestingly, area during 1990 to 2001 (Table 2). Their transit signal is dominated by dusty effluents forming a comet-like tail trailing the host planet (or leading it, in the case of. 0000008170 00000 n Its present area is about 6000.0 Sq. <]>> x���1 0ð4t�y\c=t��՞4mi����WO� �m been proposed. The brackish water aquaculture covers an area of 45,000 hectare are produced. Rev Ecol Systema, 5 (1974) 39-64. recognized and removed. important for capture and culture fisheries. tarch is the main constituent of the extruded snacks and is responsible for most of their structural attributes, they are dense in energy but nutritionally poor. Mumbai has probably lost 40% of all its mangroves in the past decade or so, largely because of reclamation for housing, The remote, sensing keys thus developed were used for classify, the variations – dense/sparse, in the mangrove growth, besides extensive field checks. K2-22b), making these good candidates for transmission spectroscopy. Model set-up and sensitivity analyses were conducted to understand the model performance to vegetation parameters. 1.. A survey was carried out from August 2015 to May 2016 during the low tide period. Although a number of published approaches to identifying and mapping mangroves with high resolution satellite data exist (Wang et al. development and initial results of the prototype ka-band An unprecedented biodiversity crisis caused by human activities such as degradation of habitat, The ecology of mangroves – Ann Rev Ecol Systema. 0000006305 00000 n subula. endstream endobj 1094 0 obj<��[���si��)/P -1852/U(\r?��>'jUP0:�ю�� )/V 2>> endobj 1095 0 obj<>>>/LastModified(z���1h�i�4�8y)/MarkInfo<>>> endobj 1097 0 obj<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/StructParents 0>> endobj 1098 0 obj<> endobj 1099 0 obj<�G�����)/FontStretch/Normal/FontWeight 400>> endobj 1100 0 obj<> endobj 1101 0 obj<>stream This study has the potential of improving the quality of wave prediction in vegetation areas, especially during monsoon season and extreme weather events. The total area, coverage by each category i.e., sparse and dense, mangroves was estimated using the ArcView, Fig. All four methods begin with a consistently edited data set and yield estimates of volumetric loss of ice from the GrIS ranging from -193 to -269 km³/yr. mangrove rehabilitation projects in populated areas. Remote Sensing emerges as a valuable, tool for fast, efficient and accurate means of, information retrieval to detect causes, extent and, modification of structural changes over time. coastline on the west has four major creeks: Manori, extends from the south-eastern part of the city to the, Ulhas river in the north. Mangrove forests are one among the pivotal coastal are presented in Fig. Comparison of Elevation Change Detection Methods From ICESat Altimetry Over the Greenland Ice Sheet. single Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+ image, haze and clouds can be quantitatively They were dominated by, other mangroves species. In the Godavari delta (India) mangroves are receding in area and biomass; in the Ganges, the Sunderbans (India and Bangladesh) are evolving very slowly in size but an important species substitution is in progress; in the Irrawaddy (Myanmar) mangroves are in continuous decline. the rectangle (Iskapalli lagoon) is enlarged in Fig. From 1990 to 2001, a total mangrove area of 36.54 km 2 was said to be lost, indicating a 39.32% decrease in the area of mangroves. References & Resources. Based, upon the change detection studies carried out over a, 11 year frame work between 1990 and 2001, it can be, suburban region are decreasing at a fast pace (39.32%, decrease between 1990 and 2001) and only integrated, conservation and management measures can help the, upkeep of this fragile environment on a sustainable, The first author expresses his sincere thanks to the, Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) for, the award of Junior Research Fellowship. Approximate overall density of m, had the lowest density, while Thane region had the, Human factors critically influence the outcome. Association and location, mangroves with intertidal areas provided better, delineation accuracy. 0000004070 00000 n 0000007388 00000 n -Authors. Mangrove ecosystems serve as a buffer between land and sea. Major mangroves seen today in Mumbai are along the Vasai creek, Thane creek, Manori and Malad, Mahim- Bandra, Versova, Sewree, Mumbra-Diva and few more places. This accounted for 39.32% decrease in, area under the mangroves. Our volume change estimates lie within the range of previously published estimates, highlighting that the choice of method plays a dominant role in the scatter of volume change estimates. automatically recognize and remove contamination of hazes and clouds Measures have been suggested for conservation and management of mangroves of Mumbai on a sustainable basis. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was utilized as a tracer for pre-storm baseline patterns and through 19 post-storm months. The study shows a linear relationship between wave height attenuation and gradual changes in water level in the nearshore region, in phase with the tides. Around 5,000 acres of Mangroves across Mumbai and Navi Mumbai were recently found decimated after a series of moth attacks over the past few months.The region has started to show signs of rejuvenation with indication towards full recovery by the month of January. To assess the ability of such observations to diagnose the dust composition, we simulate the transmission spectra from 5-14 $\mu$m for the planet tail assuming an optically-thin dust cloud comprising a single dust species with a constant column density scaled to yield a chosen visible transit depth. The objects were identified on the basis of ground truth and GIS maps were prepared. The primary aim of the study was to estimate wave energy attenuation by mangrove vegetation using modeling, and to validate the model results with measurements conducted off Mumbai coast, where a mangrove forest is present. It was also observed that some areas, of sparse mangroves have disappeared in Mahul creek, and are being put to use for other purposes. 0000002948 00000 n We find that silicate resonant features near 10 $\mu$m can produce transit depths that are at least as large as those in the visible. The role of remote sensing on studying mangrove forest extent change, Digitization of Inland Water Resources for Fisheries through Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - A Study in Ratnagiri District, Study of mangrove environment of Maharashtra coast using remote sensing data, The Structure and Metabolism of a Puerto Rican Red Mangrove Forest in May, Mangroves along the coastal stretch of the Bay of Bengal: Present status, Remote sensing for change detection in the Sunderbands, Bangladesh, Impact of converison of mangrove ecosystem for aquaculture purposes, Characteristics and impact of climate extremes in India, Seaweed utilization in extruded products: Physical, functional and organoleptic evaluation, Haze and cloud cover recognition and removal for serial Landsat images. Mangrove forests are extremely important coastal resources, which are vital to our socio-economic development. of the major threats to molluscan fauna. PDF | Remote sensing technology was used to detect changes in the mangrove habitat around the Mumbai suburban region. Ever increasing human population, habitat destruction and pollution along the Mumbai coast are some However, in the Thane, suburban region based on field studies is summarised, in Table 5. 20-26. 0000010906 00000 n Today, many of these mangroves have disappeared and only a few remain. For this purpose, cloud free satellite images on the scale of 1 : 50,000 from Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite IRS-ID and IRS-IC were used. With the aid of high, resolution satellite images, it is possible to delineate. Experts predict that all 5,000 acres of mangroves that were decimated by voracious moths will be lush and green again by January Over the past few days, swathes of mangroves across Mumbai … Regular monitoring of the changes of the forest using remote sensing technique has been suggested. The images were processed by using ERDAS Imagine 9.1 and Arc Map 10.1 softwares. & Chauhan H B & Nayak S, Landuse mapping of. Thus the mangrove ecosystem sustains tremendous fishery resources. Altogether 9 creeks, nine shrimp farms and one shrimp hatcheries observed in Ratnagiri district were mapped. Natural inland aquatic resources such as rivers, creeks, mangroves as well as manmade resources such as reservoirs, shrimp farms and shrimp hatcheries of Ratnagiri district were mapped using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). To know more, click here. The change in the area of mangroves pertaining to, the Mumbai suburban region for a period of 11 years, was lost. Estimates of area of mangroves, in Mumbai based on previous studies using extensive, field survey techniques, varied from 248.7 km, shows the amount of destruction and degradation that, has affected the mangroves. These species perform important role in marine food chain (Walia and Chavan, 2016;Pawar, 2012). trailer Historically, Mumbai mangroves covered around 75% of the region's coastline in stark contrast to less than 50% today (Central Water Commission). on (ICAR), Versova, Mumbai-400 061, India, on the scale of 1 : 50,000 from Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellite IRS-ID, mbai suburban region has been estimated to be 56.40 km, ring 1990 to 2001, a total mangrove area of, mangroves. Mumbai as mentioned before is the financial capital of India, these floods cause huge heavy damages to Indian economy along with these they also cause a huge loss of life property and cattle, giving rise to diseases and emotional disturbances for those who survived. characteristics of Indian mangroves, in: Proceedings of, Extrusion cooking is one of the most important food processing technologies which have been used for the production of breakfast cereals, ready to eat snack foods, and other textured foods. Hindustan Times (2017, November 4) Mumbai’s mangrove cover up by 20 percent in 15 years, reveals study. of India Press, Calcutta), 1957, pp. Besides demarcating, the mangrove patches, the main railway and, Field checks were performed after the mapping of, data and classification of mangroves in the study area, was completed, to ascertain the accuracy of prediction, based on the remote sensing keys developed. Qualitative observations of these cloud microphysical 1093 26 (Harper & Row Publ., New York) 1982, pp.343-355. corrections to improve landscape change detection. Based on the visual interpretation techniques the mangroves were sub-divided into 2 classes, viz., dense mangroves and sparse mangroves. Mangrove forests have a unique character of floating foliage and roots. The, The sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem is of, the premier mega-cities of the world with a population, of over 13 million. For the average transit depth of 0.55% in the Kepler band for K2-22b, the features in the transmission spectra can be as large as 1%, which is detectable with the JWST MIRI low-resolution spectrograph in a single transit. Mumbai has set aside 224 hectares (ha) of mangroves as reserve forests. For com, purpose, ground truth data were collected from, Manori, Malad, Mahim, Mahul and Thane creek, Table 5—Density of mangrove in Mumbai suburban region, 2001, In India a number of workers have carried out, change detection studies using remotely sensed, . The mangroves in Mumbai assumed greater significance following their role in combating floods in 2005 by buffering the rainwater in flooded areas situated near mangroves (Joshi & Kale, 2013). Laser measurements from the NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) created altimetric surveys of GrIS surface elevations over the 2003-2009 operational period of the mission. Anthropogenic, activities involving development projects have most. About 40 ha of these newly-protected areas are along the Mithi river, which is choked by illegal construction. endstream endobj 1118 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[59 1034]>>stream Some of the impacts of conversion of mangrove ecosystem for aquaculture purposes are discussed in the present paper. The density of mangrove flora was, were located away from edge conditions along, and thereby indicating the area covered. of India, from August 2015 to May 2016, revealed a distribution of 61 molluscan species, represented by A study, carried out in 8 mangrove areas of Mumbai, west coast But pollution is threatening the mangroves that draw in fish and … Avicennia marina was found to be the most dominant mangrove species. 2.2. The scope of this study did not allow us to elicit spatial distributions of the various landcover types existing in the Lower Keys through multispectral classification techniques. 0000004328 00000 n (2005) and Lakshmi et al. reflectance difference with the other regions, likes thermal spectrum A total of 989.18 ha of mangrove area was identified and mapped. 1093 0 obj<> endobj Mangrove Society of India (Mumbai Chapter) 1, Safina Sadan, Seven Bungalows, Andheri (W) Mumbai – 400061 28th August, 2009 Secretary Environment Government of Maharashtra Mantralaya Mumbai Member Secretary Maharashtra Coastal Zone Management Authority Mantralaya Mumbai Dear Mrs. Singh and Dr. Patil, 0000002870 00000 n MUMBAI: Mumbai Metro Rail Corporation (MMRC) along with Maharashtra State Forest Department has initiated a compensatory mangrove plantation drive at Koparkhairane in Navi Mumbai. Mangrove forests are, undergoing constant seasonal, short term, long term, changes due to their dynamic nature and, to a greater. Based on this, the over all accuracy of, mapping was found to be about 90%. The total area of mangroves in Mumbai suburban region has been estimated to be 56.40 km² (including mud flats) with dense mangroves contributing 45.4% to the total. Classifications based on vege-, tation vigour and colour was found to be largely, and was fine tuned wherever necessary to take care of, arrangement of leaves, locations etc., by altering the, identification key after ground truthing. Mumbai's indigenous Koli community has lived off the sea's bounty for generations. For the sake, better co-ordination a single department such as, Forests may be made the nodal agency at the, level for conservation and development of, The present study demonstrated that satellite, remote sensing data is a valuable tool for the easy, assessment of mangrove habitat. (2014) The benefits of fringing mangrove systems to Mumbai. x���{��c���Ь�.Z6�SB�`��0��B�l�>���E/�/Xu���My;���.������=����[�yU�M�`�gf�"L��� ��?���$��@�b/Ou""���% IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Remote sensing technology was used to detect changes in the mangrove habitat around the Mumbai suburban region. As a result the density of mangroves in and around Mumbai has been on a decline. ... For evaluating the molluscan diversity, 25 representative sites from the 8 mangrove areas of Mumbai were selected based on the mangrove diversity and various typical habitat characteristics following. Additionally they are. The, present study deals with the extent, composition and, spread of the mangrove system in Mumbai and, change detection from A.D.1990 to 2001 with, The port city of greater Mumbai, along west coast, composed of a cluster of seven small islands, were connected by causeways, reclamation and filling, up of shallow marshy areas that separated these, land narrowing to a point at Colaba at its southern, extremity. So incorporation of seaweeds to the extruded products will give a great opportunity to promote the consumption of seaweeds as food in India and also increase nutrient level of the product as they have bio functional properties. The, accurate mapping of this land resource is necessary, due to various benefits accorded by it, particularly, the livelihood of 50,000 fishermen in Mumbai. The details, and (3) were provided by Centre of Studies. integral part of mangrove ecosystems. Superimposition of 1996 and 2001, map layers was later undertaken. However, a particularly large chunk of, area in Malad creek close to Millat Nagar, where, sparse mangroves were thriving till 1996, have been, completely lost. Timber volume/ha and basal area/ha for Gewa have increased in the Sharankhola Island of the forest. Between, 1996 and 2001, the total area of mangrove, decline. Zingde [14] reported that Mumbai has lost 40 % of all its mangroves in the past decade because of overexploitation and unsustainable demand for housing, slums, sewage treatment and garbage 2. We find that for much of the GrIS, the OFP and TIN methods yield the lowest volume change uncertainties because of their superior spatial distribution of elevation change rate estimates. Crustaceans like Penaeus monodon, P. indicus and fishes like Etroplus sp., mullets, etc are common in Indian mangroves. Estimation of the surface elevation change of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is essential for understanding its response to recent and future climate change. 0000002629 00000 n The images used were cloud free, standard false, colour composites (FCC) so that the spatial details, Standard FCCs from the following sources were. Classification error matrix which compares, on a category by category basis, the relationship, between ground truth data with the corresponding, results of visual interpretation classification, was, prepared. dense to dense, dense to sparse, dense to others, The study revealed that mangrove coverage during, visual interpretation techniques the mangroves were, sub-divided into 2 classes, viz., dense mangroves and, sparse mangroves.

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